(Listed in order of appearance)
World Bluegrass Day. “PBS Arts: Give Me the Banjo (2011).” December 13, 2024. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gkmKzf99EjY.
Bluegrass Country Soul. “Earl Scruggs “Foggy Mountain Breakdown” with JD Crowe Bill Emerson Sonny Osborne and More.” December 27, 2021. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=af9wHDrkjfk
Craft in America. “Banjo maker Jim Hartel on the African heritage and American history of the banjo.” October 30, 2015. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VbCjb6g-bT4.
Visual Melodies. “Appalachian Bluegrass Banjo & Fiddle Music | Uplifting Happy Music | 🚫ADS.” September 13, 2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g4R936oEuH4.
Tracy Newman. “Cripple Creek” with Tracy Newman on the 5-string banjo.” August 11, 2015. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ew6DS2bXYmk.
“The Humble Genius Of Earl Scruggs.” Southern Songs and Stories, 2023. https://www.southernsongsandstories.com/blog/2023/1/23/the-humble-genius-of-earl-scruggs
Grossman, Sid. n.d. Pete Seeger Photograph. National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution. Accessed October 16, 2025. https://www.si.edu/object/pete-seeger:npg_NPG.94.85.
LeDonne, Rob, “Steve Martin Explains His Love of Banjo Music: ‘It Rivals Any Specialized Genre,” Billboard, August 10, 2017, https://www.billboard.com/music/country/steve-martin-banjo-prize-interview-7897956/
Annie Spratt. “A Field With Trees and Clear Sky.” June 25, 2025. https://unsplash.com/photos/a-field-with-trees-and-clear-sky-WMYGNv7G7_E.
Scott V. Linford. “Stories of Differentiation and Association: Narrative Identity and the Jola Ekonting.” Yearbook for Traditional Music 48 (2016): 94–114. https://doi.org/10.5921/yeartradmusi.48.2016.0094.
Sora Ngoni (Simbingo). 19th century. Gourd, skin, wood, leather, 88cm x 31cm x 27cm. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Open: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Artstor. https://jstor.org/stable/community.27235563.
Maker: Mamadou Kouyaté (d. 1991) (bridge by Djimo Kouyaté). Kora. ca. 1960. Gourd, goat skin, antelope-hide, ebony, metal, wood, 45 9/16 × 20 11/16 × 17 in. (115.8 × 52.5 × 43.2 cm). The Metropolitan Museum of Art; Musical Instruments; Rogers Fund, 1975. https://jstor.org/stable/community.15645144.
Aymeric Inspiration Prod Gardey. “African Griots Live.” April 13, 2007. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zQMFN-whbEU
Paul Draper. “Koromanti #1.” June 27, 2023. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ffU8jknBzzM.
Created by Unidentified. Gourd Head Banjo. ca. 1859. Gourd with wood and metal, H x W x D: 7 × 26 1/2 × 2 1/2 in. (17.8 × 67.3 × 6.4 cm). National Museum of African American History and Culture; Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture. https://jstor.org/stable/community.31886663.
Seutter, Matthew. “Map of the New World, with European settlements and American Indian tribes, 1730.” The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History. https://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-resources/spotlight-primary-source/map-new-world-european-settlements-and-american-indian.
“Stewart Five-String Banjo | Smithsonian Institution.” 2025. Si.edu. 2025. https://www.si.edu/object/stewart-five-string-banjo:nmah_605689.
“Gibson Tenor Banjo | Smithsonian Institution.” 2025. Si.edu. 2025. https://www.si.edu/object/gibson-tenor-banjo:nmah_606326.
Bluegrass Preservation. “The Darlings – Dooley.” June 21, 2012. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oELWmTVR_j4.
I Dream of Jeanie, directed by Allan Dwan (United States; Republic Pictures, 1952), https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6NqbxQw0rdY.
Childe, J.W., and Meyer, H. Portrait of Thomas Dartmouth Rice. n.d. Sheet 8 1/2 x 11 3/8 inches. University of Illinois Theatrical Print Collection; Portraits of Actors, 1720-1920, University of Illinois Library. University Library (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign). Artstor. https://jstor.org/stable/community.12279635.
Pendleton. Thomas Dartmouth Rice as Jim Crow. n.d. Tinted rectangle 5 5/8 x 8 1/4 inches. University of Illinois Theatrical Print Collection; Portraits of Actors, 1720-1920, University of Illinois Library. University Library (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign). Artstor. https://jstor.org/stable/community.12277836.
Ikachina. “Jump Jim Crow – Blackface Song and Dance — Extended Version.” Jul 19, 2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FKzTaZLEKd4.
London: City Map. 1812. https://jstor.org/stable/community.13562185.
Winans, Robert B, and Elias J Kaufman. “Minstrel and Classic Banjo: American and English Connections.” American Music (Champaign, Ill.) 12, no. 1 (1994): 1–30. Minstrel and Classic Banjo: American and English Connections on JSTOR
Plastic Jesus Instrumental – Search Videos. (2025). Bing.com. https://www.bing.com/videos/riverview/relatedvideo?q=plastic+jesus+instrumental&mid=DDEA41CB9326D6E6260BDDEA41CB9326D6E6260B&FORM=VIRE
“Taylor Swift—Grammys 2012 Performance!” Just Jared Jr, February 14, 2012, https://www.justjaredjr.com/2012/02/14/taylor-swift-grammys-2012-performance/?photomorehere
“Darius Rucker: “Wagon Wheel” At New Year’s Eve Live: Nashville’s Big Bash” Darius Rucker January 3, 2022 https://www.bing.com/videos/riverview/relatedvideo?q=darius+rucker+wagon+wheel+at+new+years&&mid=46CA6F46DE56D775936946CA6F46DE56D7759369&FORM=VAMGZC
“Dolly Parton Apple Jack” Dean Hammons February 8, 2009 https://www.bing.com/videos/riverview/relatedvideo?&q=dolly+parton+apple+jack&&mid=2CA2ECCEACD91AB2933C2CA2ECCEACD91AB2933C&&FORM=VRDGAR
“Don Flemmons – In the Jailhouse Now” Don Flemmons October 15, 2013 https://www.bing.com/videos/riverview/relatedvideo?q=don+flemmons+in+the+jailhouse+now&mid=774ECB8E92CACFA54083774ECB8E92CACFA54083&FORM=VIRE
“Rhiannon Giddens Julie ” Macfoto February 11, 2015 https://www.bing.com/videos/riverview/relatedvideo?q=rhiannon+giddens+julie&mid=1FAF696D83D9CB75FED81FAF696D83D9CB75FED8&FORM=VIRE
“Amythyst Kiah – Darling Cora” July 5, 2014. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ovzdZLXWnIg
Rhiannon Giddens & Justin Robinson – John Henry Rhiannon Giddens & Nonesuch Records April 16, 2025https://www.bing.com/videos/riverview/relatedvideo?q=rhiannon+giddens+and+justin+robinson&mid=CD59BEDB430416F81323CD59BEDB430416F81323&FORM=VIRE